In wastewater treatment, what is the principal purpose of UV disinfection?

The principal purpose of UV disinfection in wastewater treatment is to kill pathogens. Ultraviolet (UV) light is effective in inactivating various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, thereby reducing the potential for waterborne diseases. This method of disinfection does not rely on chemicals, making it an environmentally friendly option that minimizes the introduction of harmful substances to the treated water.

Unlike other options, such as removing physical contaminants, enhancing sludge digestion, or stabilizing sludge, which pertain to different aspects of the wastewater treatment process, UV disinfection specifically targets the eradication of harmful pathogens. This is crucial for ensuring that treated water can be safely returned to the environment or reused for non-potable purposes, thus protecting public health and the ecosystem.