Is it true that not all dischargers need a permit?

The assertion that all dischargers need a permit is consistent with both the regulatory framework established by the Clean Water Act and the practices enforced by state and federal environmental agencies. Under these laws, virtually all facilities that discharge pollutants into waters of the United States are required to obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. This permit system is designed to regulate discharges to protect water quality and public health.

The intent of requiring permits is to ensure that discharges meet the established water quality standards and to control the amount and types of pollutants released into the environment. This includes larger operations as well as smaller facilities, which might also be subject to permitting requirements based on the nature and volume of their discharges.

Even small operations and those discharging minimal amounts typically still need to comply with these regulatory requirements, unless they are specifically exempted under certain frameworks, such as agricultural runoff or very small discharges which may fall under general permits. However, these exemptions are limited and not universally applied.

Consequently, the response that all dischargers require a permit is supported by the overarching goals of environmental protection and regulatory compliance.