What are the two main advantages of activated sludge treatment?

The two main advantages of activated sludge treatment are that it increases the number of microorganisms and enables more treatment in a smaller space. Activated sludge processes utilize an aerobic biological treatment method, where microorganisms break down organic matter in wastewater. By aerating the sludge, the concentration of active microorganisms is increased, which enhances the degradation of organic pollutants.

This technology allows for more compact treatment systems, meaning that large volumes of wastewater can be treated effectively in smaller facilities compared to other treatment methods. This efficiency in space utilization is particularly beneficial in urban areas where land availability is limited. Moreover, the presence of a high concentration of microorganisms accelerates the overall treatment process, leading to faster purification of wastewater.

The other options do not accurately align with the fundamental advantages of the activated sludge process. For instance, while energy consumption can be a factor, it is not typically cited as a main advantage of this treatment method. Similarly, while odor control and clarity are important aspects of wastewater treatment, they are not the primary benefits that are most often emphasized in the context of activated sludge systems.