What process involves the growth of larger particles through collisions to help smaller particles stick together?

Flocculation is the process that specifically involves the growth of larger particles through collisions, leading to the agglomeration of smaller particles. This process is essential in wastewater treatment, as it enhances sedimentation and improves the removal of suspended solids from the water. During flocculation, chemical agents, known as flocculants, are often added to promote the formation of flocs, which are clusters of particles that come together to create larger masses. These larger particles are then more easily removed from the liquid phase, facilitating clearer water and more efficient treatment.

Coalescence refers to the process whereby smaller droplets or particles merge to form larger ones but does not emphasize the collision mechanism characteristic of flocculation. Aggregation is a broader term that can include any process where particles come together but lacks the specific mechanism of size increase through collisions that defines flocculation. Settling is the process where particles fall out of suspension due to gravity, which does not actively involve the interaction between particles through collision for growth during earlier treatment stages.