What term describes the distinct treatment steps within a wastewater treatment facility?

The term "unit processes" refers to the distinct treatment steps within a wastewater treatment facility. In wastewater treatment, each unit process represents a specific method or technique used to achieve a particular treatment goal, such as removing solids, reducing nutrient loads, or disinfecting the effluent.

Unit processes are essential because they signify the systematic approach to treating wastewater, where each step has its function and contributes to the overall effectiveness of the treatment system. For instance, primary treatment often utilizes sedimentation as a unit process to remove large solids, while secondary treatment may involve biological processes to degrade organic matter.

Understanding unit processes is crucial for operators and engineers working in wastewater facilities, as it helps them design, monitor, and optimize treatment systems to ensure regulatory compliance and public health protection.